Tv has negative influence on society free essay sample

Presentation: According to David Hinckley of New York Daily News, The normal America beyond 2 34 a years old than 34 hours seven days observing live TV in addition to another 3-6 hours watching taped projects. This measurement shows how much television can influence us, taking into account the amount we watch it. I need you to consider your preferred television program at this moment. Not well wagered you that that show contains a brutality, sexual cooperations, cussing, medication or liquor utilization, generalizations and numerous other awful impacts. Indeed, even shows like Spongebob Squarepants, a children animation, are stating to have subconscious, or covered up, messages that are upsetting and wrong. Goals: My accomplice and I are settled that television affects society. By pessimistic impact we mean a force influencing an individual, think, or course of occasions in a terrible way(free word reference. com). What's more, for this situation, television is influencing society, or individuals by and large idea of as living respectively in composed networks with shared laws, customs and qualities. We will compose a custom paper test on Television has negative effect on society or on the other hand any comparative theme explicitly for you Don't WasteYour Time Recruit WRITER Just 13.90/page My first contention is that savagery on television prompts forceful conduct in the people watching it. As indicated by Dr. Gail Gross in the Huffington Post, when kids see viciousness on TV, they make some troublesome memories separating between what is genuine and what is pretend, and will in general duplicate what they see. In 1 examination done at Pennsylvania Statue University in 1982, around 100 preschool youngsters were watched both when staring at the television. Some watched kid's shows that had a ton of forceful and savage acts and others watched appears with no viciousness. The specialists indented genuine contrasts. Kids who viewed the savage shows were bound to hit out at their mates, contend, defy class rules, leave errands incomplete, and were less ready to sit tight for things than the individuals who viewed the unviable not programs, says Aletha Huston-Stein PH. D, presently at the University of Kansas. All in all, media brutality makes kids increasingly forceful, not so much patient, but rather more frightful of their general surroundings. There are a lot of savage programs like lawfulness, criminal personalities, the strolling dead, breaking awful, etc that show case viciousness and killings. These shows can lead numerous individuals to follow in their manners. So as should be obvious from this proof, viciousness on television prompts forceful conduct in the people watching it. My subsequent contention is that sitting in front of the television gives open access to everything. At the point when you sit in front of the television, you are defenseless to messages that are risky, particularly the young. State that you are a small child and your folks need to get you far from the risks of medication and sex until youre more established. Well entire sitting in front of the television you could flip to a station and begin viewing a network show that incorporates these exercises. Presently as a little youngster you might be confounded and not have the foggiest idea about the contrast among good and bad with regards to these new things you havent knew about previously. Another point is shows like adolescent mother open you to pre-marriage sex and these shows cause it to appear to be ordinary and characteristic to engage in sexual relations as a young person. Besides, as indicated by changingchannels. organization, television desensitizes watchers to the shrewd idea of pre-marriage sex and ridiculous brutality, urging youthful watchers to discover them satisfactory and typical in the public eye. So you can see from the focuses made, TV gives individuals, particularly youth, open access to everything. end: Our first contention was that television savagery prompts forceful conduct in the people watching it. Our subsequent contention was that television gives individuals open access to everything. Do you truly need little youngsters defenseless to medication, sex, and savagery before they are even mature enough to know what it is? From these contentions, it ought to be certain that television is leaving a negative effect on our general public.

LT-week4 Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 750 words

LT-week4 - Essay Example shiers to get to all retail location, all chiefs to get to all administration assets, and assets got to by HR, promoting and bookkeeping and must be confined to office individuals and Executive Management or proprietor), circulation of Domain Controllers (DCs) and Global Catalog Domain Controllers (GC/DCs), replication methodology to incorporate conceivable utilization of Read-Only Domain Controllers (RODCs) (areas outside California to have one area with quick association arranged through more slow associations. Different areas in California need quick associations). Least memory ought to be 512MB RAM yet I suggest a 2GB RAM or more prominent. The most extreme memory for 32-piece frameworks ought to be 4GB which is the norm or 64GB for Enterprise and Datacenter. Since the association is a venture, a datacenter and has Itanium-Based frameworks, I suggest a 2TB. Plate Space: The base accessible circle space ought to be 10GB however 40GB or more noteworthy could serve better. Since the association procedures and exchanges are colossal, more space is required to houseany paging, and dump records. The new Windows 2008 R2 offers better approaches for improving information security custom fitted for remote workplaces for the association particularly when physical security isn't proficient. Dynamic Directory Domain Services has another component incorporated called Read-Only Domain Controller (RODC). The RODC should be designed on the grounds that it doesn't store any clients or record certifications. This makes Read-Only Domain Controllers powerful in remote branch workplaces of the association. DNS server job ought to be introduced on each Read-Only Domain Controllers, permitting customers to perform DNS goals in the event that they are deficient with regards to network on the DC. There are two access control choice motor and should be dealt with freely. The two access motors are nearby access and subject access. The neighborhood get to control motor settles on choices relying upon the Web administration get to rules while the subject access control motor

whos on deck COLUMBIA UNIVERSITY - SIPA Admissions Blog

whos on deck COLUMBIA UNIVERSITY - SIPA Admissions Blog As sad as we are to see our PA’s (program assistants) graduate and leave us, we are thrilled to have new second years join our team.   If you continue to follow the Admissions Blog, youll get to know them over the next few months through their posts and of course, if you contact the Admissions Office, you may also get a response from one or two of them. We asked them to share a little something about themselves with you… Maricarmen, MPA ISP:   From Mexico.   Worked in Washington, DC for 3 years and currently researching Illegal Logging in Kosovo. I love running and burgers! (I am obsessed.) Currently reading The Sound of Things Falling Juan Gabriel Vasquez (Spanish version) Danielle, MPA USP: Really interested in political journalism, worked at the New York County District Attorneys Office before SIPA, native New Yorker, news junkie, Japanese food connoisseur Henry, MIA EE: From New York City and the Dominican Republic. Worked in development before joining SIPA.  Now focusing on domestic energy issues Eder, MPA USP:   Im in Ecuador for the summer its great! Ive worked on the undocumented student campaign aimed at immigration reform. Enjoy reading up on politics, social movements and love Korean food! Looking forward to working with you all! Ashley, MIA HRHP:  Ill try anything twice. Giuliana, MPA EPD:   Just came back from Rio de Janeiro and completely loved it! Im passionate about meeting new people and experiencing new cultures (and yes, sometimes I talk too much). I like to run, also practice yoga and I am a frustrated poet, it is one of my passions.

Martin Luther s On Christian Liberty - 1119 Words

In Martin Luther’s On Christian Liberty, he presents two simple propositions regarding Christianity. The first one is â€Å"a Christian is perfectly free lord of all, subject to none† which means that as Christians we are free from the Law by our faith in Jesus. Then, the second one is â€Å"a Christian is perfectly dutiful servant of all, subject to all† which shows how Christians we are obligated to serve one another (2). These two statements also relate to the twofold nature that he believes men have. The two natures are bodily and spiritual. Bodily natures refer to the second proposition whereas the spiritual nature refers to the first. Luther first examines the inner man, or as he introduced before, the spiritual man. He says that the most†¦show more content†¦These show us that we should be humbled because we are helpless without God in our life, but they also say that abiding by the Law is not enough to provide one with salvation. Luther describes the promises as holy, true, and righteous, and the soul clings onto these words with strong faith because they alone hold the power to become children of God. Promises belong to the New Testament because this is where God fulfills the commands that He gave in the Old Testament; the promises are what make up the New Testament. Luther believes that works cannot glorify God, but one’s faith can. He says, â€Å"God cannot be worshiped unless you ascribe to Him the glory of truthfulness and all goodness which is due to Him† (22). No amount of good works that a person completes here on Earth is enough to give God the praise and honor He deserves, however, someone who dedicates their heart to God and walks through their life in faith is worshipping God just by believing in Him. Faith is what makes Christians righteous. This does not mean that works are meaningless. If good works are done with faith they bring glory to God, but faith is the main focus. Some believe that works must be done to be able to fulfill the commandments, but Luther rejects this claim. He says that works proceed from the fulfillment of the commandments within oneself. Another theology that Luther presents is one the priesthood and kingship of all believers. He believes that because we as ChristiansShow MoreRelatedMeaning of Liberty in Martin Luther King ´s On Christian Life501 Words   |  2 PagesThe battle for liberty has been fought on different scales with the beginning of thousands of revolutions in the history. The ideal liberty is an ultimate goal that inflames the minds of many people who yearn for individual freedom. In all these struggles, the definition of liberty is not the same for different people. According to the text, â€Å"the idea of liberty has played a powerful role in the history of Western society and culture, but the meaning and understanding of liberty has undergone continualRead MoreMartin Luther s Jr And The Christian Believer Free1428 Words   |  6 PagesMartin Luther’s three major treaties were â€Å"attempts to persuade Pope Leo X and Roman Catholics that the theology of the Reformation was not a novelty in the faith, but a pure confession of the Word of God and consistent with the truth of the Holy Scriptures† Each one focused on various practices and beliefs of the Catholic Church that Martin Luther deemed were wrong. One of Martin Luther s three major treatises, On A Freedom of a Christian, reprimands the widely held Christian belief that good worksRead MoreRhetorical Analysis Of Martin Luther King s Speech1460 Words   |  6 Pagesa specific way. One of the reason why this text became the most popular text of our century. First of the speaker Martin Luther King Junior deliver his how he delivered his speech in a majestic way is a preacher of the Southern Southern Christian Leadership Conference, (Martin Luther King, Jr.) BIOGRAPHY, familiar with public speeches â€Å"I have a dream†: Who doesn’t have Martin Luther King speech resonating in his head when he hears these worlds. â€Å"I have a dream† When this repetition is so well usedRead MoreThe Decline Of The Protestant Reformation1276 Words   |  6 PagesIntroduction: The Protestant Reformation was a religious act in the 1500’s that split the Christian Church in Western Europe and led to the establishment of many new churches. It effected spiritual thought, philosophy, political work, and the economies of several countries all around the world. The effects of the Reformation can still be felt in modern times. Stimulated by a devout and renowned German Monk, Martin Luther, this reformation sent shockwaves throughout Europe and played a significantRead MoreThe Meaning Of Luther s Ideas Through The Eyes Of Others1585 Words   |  7 PagesThe Meaning of Luther’s Ideas through the Eyes of Others Martin Luther’s religious ideas created an eclectic mix of responses dealing with social power and influence in society. Many people reinvented Luther’s ideologies to fit their wants and goals. This in turn influenced peasants to strive for social justice, the Pope to be on the defensive to maintain authority, and world leaders like Charles V to use the reaction of the Pope for personal gain. The life of the peasantry during the 16th centuryRead MoreMartin Luther : Cuts All Ties With Catholic Church1712 Words   |  7 PagesDecember 2015 Martin Luther: Cuts All Ties with Catholic Church I. Introduction Whether you believe in a higher power or not, religion has impacted our lives in some way. Vice versa, people can make an impact on religions and transform them to what we know today. Take for example Martin Luther. He was a man looking to simply reform the Roman Catholic Church and its preaching’s because he disagreed with it. With his many ideas, strong will, and criticisms, he forever changed the world. Martin challengedRead MoreMartin Luther s The Doctrine Of Justification905 Words   |  4 PagesKnown and sometimes refers to as the father of reformation, Martin Luther was one of the most influential figures in the history of Christianity. Born in Germany in 1483, his father’s dream for him was to become a lawyer. But, that dream fades away in 1505 when Luther undergo a life changing experience with thunderstorm and vowed to become a monk instead. Luther wanted to become a monk because he fears the idea of hell and God’s wrath to the extent where it made sense for him that life in the monasteryRead MoreMartin Luther King Jr1194 Words   |  5 Pagesï » ¿ Simmons 1 Gabrielle Simmons Mrs. Fitzgerald Social Studies 8A 4/27/10 Martin Luther King Jr. Martin Luther King Jr. is a well known and an inspiring man to all cultures of the world. King was and still is one of the most influential heroes. King s views and believes helped African Americans through the 50 s and 60 s to the rights and liberties that was their right. King faced many obstacles on his journey, things like jail and even assassination attempts. Despite these obstacles,Read MoreWho knew the two most powerful African Americans that influence countless of people in history and700 Words   |  3 Pageswhile locked up in jail? Martin Luther King Jr. was incarcerated because the city officials issued a court injunction to prohibit the civil rights marches in Birmingham. Whereas, Malcolm x was arrested for burglary while trying to pick up a stolen watch he had left for repairs at a jewelry shop. The fight for civil right was taken in the 1960s, where racism was a problem. Whites discriminated blacks because they thought they werent equal to them. This is where Martin Lu ther King Jr. and Malcom X comeRead MoreMartin Malcolm : A Dream Or A Nightmare951 Words   |  4 Pagesâ€Å"Martin Malcolm America Peace† If one man never steps forward to show all the others that change is possible, nothing will ever change. When you look back at history of the American civil rights movement, Malcolm X and Dr. Martin Luther King Jr. are still often two of the first names even someone of today’s society may think of. They were, and still are, some of the most influential men to ever live. As young African-American men living during a time of harsh global, but most importantly

A Brief Note On Itc Limited And Itc - 1219 Words

Introduction of ITC ITC Limited or ITC is an Indian headquarter in Kolkata, India. Its diversified business includes five segments: â€Å"Fast Moving Consumer Goods, Hotels, Paperboards, Packaging and Agri Business†. In 2012-13, annual turnover was $ 8.31 billion and at the end of the same year, its capitalization was US$ 45 billion. It employs over 26,000 people at more than 60 locations across India and is part of Forbes 2000 list. Company has been in scandals regarding funding of Political Party to gain monopoly in Indian Cigarette market. ITC claims† that it is the â€Å"on1y company† in the world of advanced dimensions to be Carbon Positive, Water Positive and Solid Waste Recycling Positive. ITC Limited has completed 100 years on 24 August 2010. The earlier decades of the company activities centered on the tobacco industries. Since 1964 conclusive evidence of the deadly effects of tobacco consumption has 1ed to a sharp decline in official support for producers and manufacturers of tobacco, in spite of its 1arge contribution to the agriculture, fiscal, manufacturing and exporting sectors of the economy. Viewing the changes in the business dynamics in the tobacco industry, the company starting looking to other venues for earning revenue. In 1970’s, it started reducing the foreign equity holding in the company to 40%. In 1975, the company enters the hotel business with the acquisition of a hotel in Chennai which was rejoined ‘ITC-Welcomgroup hotel Chola’. In 1979, ITC started theShow MoreRelatedWills Lifestyle7563 Words   |  31 Pageswith us throughout our internship. In the end we express our heartfelt gratitude to our faculty, Ms. Vandana Narang and Ms. Anandita Sardar for their supervision and help in the best possible ways throughout the period of internship. 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By having a better process of efficient system and there take on full advantage will be newly implemented and can help in creating important goal for better infrastructure efficiency. 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Apart from the brick –mortar formats, brick -click and click-click formats are also increasingly functional on the Indian retail landscape. Consumer dynamics in India is also changing and the retailers need to take note of this and formulate their strategies and tactics to deliver the exact expected value to the customer. In the backdrop of all these developments the present paper makes an attempt to: ïÆ'Ëœ ïÆ'Ëœ Explain the emerging trends in the development of ModernRead MoreBusiness Environment5822 Words   |  24 PagesMODULE -3 Business Around Us Notes 3 BUSINESS ENVIRONMENT nderstanding the environment within which the business has to operate is very important for running a business unit successfully at any place. Because, the environmental factors influence almost every aspect of business, be it its nature, its location, the prices of products, the distribution system, or the personnel policies. 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Minimally Processed Fruits and Vegetables Free Essays

Minimal processing is defined to include all unit operations such as washing, sorting, trimming, puling, slicing, coring etc. The purpose of minimal processing is to deliver to the consumer a like fresh with an extended self life whilst ensuring food safety and maintaining sound nutritional and sensory quality i. e. We will write a custom essay sample on Minimally Processed Fruits and Vegetables or any similar topic only for you Order Now at least 7 days domestic consumption and 7-15 days for overseas consumption. Minimally processed products are also called fresh cuts, semi-processed, ready cut and fresh processed. This increasing popularity of minimally processed fruits and vegetables has been attributed to the health benefits associated with fresh produce, combining with the opening consumer trend towards eating out and consuming ready to eat foods. The minimally processing industries was initially developed to supply hotels, restaurants, catering services and other institutions more recently it was expanded to include foods retailers for home consumption. Most popular in USA. In 1998 the sale volume is near about $ 6 billion. Consumer trends are changing and high quality foods with fresh like attribute are demanded. Consequently less extreme treatment and for additives are being required. Within a wider and modern concept of minimal processing some food characteristics are identified that must be attained in response to consumer demands. These are less heat and chilled damaged, fresh appearance and less acid, solt, sugar and fat. To satisfy this demands some changes or reduction in the traditionally used preservation techniques must be achieved. For this reason we are concerned to talk about this topic. ? SOME MINIMALLY PROCESSED PRODUCTS [pic] [pic] [pic] [pic] [pic] [pic] [pic] [pic] [pic] [pic] [pic] [pic] ? PYSIOLOGICAL RESPONSES Minimally processed fruits and vegetables are more perishable than fresh as a consequence of tissue damage resulting from processing operation. Wounding, in fact, leads to an increase in respiration activity and ethylene production rate, alters metabolic activity, reduces shelf-life, increases the rate of nutritional and sensory attributes breakdown and leads to browning of tissues. The greater the degree of processing, the wounding response. Mechanical damages, in addition may enhance susceptibility to decay and contamination by spoilage micro-organisms and microbes pathogenic to consumers. The impact of bruising and wounding can be reduced by cooling the product before processing. Strict temperature control after processing is also critical in reducing wound induced metabolic activity. Other techniques that substantially reduce damage include use of sharp knives, maintenance, of stringent sanitary conditions and efficient washing and drying of cut surface. ? MICROBIAL RESPONSES The increasing demand of these minimally processed products represents for a challenge for researches and processors to make them stable and safe. The increased time and distance between processing and consumption may contribute to higher risks of food borne illnesses. Although chemical and physical hazards specific to minimally processed and ready-to-eat fruits and vegetables beside mainly with microbial contaminants. Some of the microbial pathogens associated with fresh produced include Listeria monocytogenes, Salmonella sp. , enteropathogenic strains of Escherichia coli, hepatitis A virus, etc. Intact fruits and vegetables are safe to eat partly because the surface of peel is an effective physical and chemical barrier to most organisms. In addition, if the peel is damaged, the acidity of the pulp prevents the growth of organisms (except acid tolerant fungi and acteria). On vegetables, in microflora is dominated by soil organisms. Erwinia and Pseudomonos usually have competitive advantage over other organisms that could potentially be harmful to humans. Changes in environmental conditions surrounding a product can result in significant changes in micro flora. Risk of pathogenic bacteria increases †¢ With film packaging (high relative humidit y and low oxygen conditions). †¢ With packaging of products of low salt content and high cellular pH †¢ Storage of packaged products at too high temperature. Microbial growth on minimally processed products can be controlled by †¢ Sanitation of all equipment and use of chlorinated water are standard approach †¢ Low temperature during and after processing generally retards microbial growth. †¢ Moisture increases microbial growth. Removal of wash or cleaning water by centrifugation or other methods are critical. †¢ Low pH †¢ Low oxygen and elevated carbon-di-oxide levels, often retards microbial growth. [pic] ———————– CELERY STICKS PINEAPPLE SHREDDED LETTUCE BROCCOLI FLORETS CARROT STICKS PELLED POTTATO DICED ONION MANGOES CHILLED PEACHES MELONS TRIMMED SPINACH JACKFRUITS How to cite Minimally Processed Fruits and Vegetables, Papers

Technology Park Malaysia Corporation Essay Example

Technology Park Malaysia Corporation Essay We were having an interview with the executive MOHAMMAD NADZIM AHMAD AZMI of Technology Park Malaysia Corporation Sdn Bhd (TPM). The company located in Level 5, Enterprise 4 Technology Park Malaysia 57000 Bukit Jalil, Kuala Lumpur. TPM is a partial private and partial government organization which was incorporated in September 1996. It is a pioneer centre for technology innovation and advanced research and development in Malaysia, offering world-class infrastructure and 2 million square feet of Ramp;D space. Twelve distinct building make up TPM; each architecturally designed for knowledge-based companies at various stage of growth. The buildings, namely the innovation House, Incubator Centres and Enterprise Houses are equipped with Uninterrupted Power Supply (UPS), LAN infrastructure, wide bandwidth internet connectivity, multiple telephone connections, teleconferencing, maintenance and round-the-clock security. TPM has also set up the Centre for Technology Commercialization (CTC) to bring together the forces of technology business commercialization in Malaysia by hosting technology business forums and seminars, anchoring consultative panels between industry and academia, and undertaking business and market intelligence through an international network of experts. Conceptualized as a means to promote the development of high-tech companies with an environment conducive to Ramp;D activities, TPM today is a vibrant technology business cluster within MSC Malaysia, home to more than 10,000 knowledge workers in over 140 technology based companies. We will write a custom essay sample on Technology Park Malaysia Corporation specifically for you for only $16.38 $13.9/page Order now We will write a custom essay sample on Technology Park Malaysia Corporation specifically for you FOR ONLY $16.38 $13.9/page Hire Writer We will write a custom essay sample on Technology Park Malaysia Corporation specifically for you FOR ONLY $16.38 $13.9/page Hire Writer TPM is a property-based organization, developed to catalyze Malaysia’s transformation into the knowledge economy. TPM is managed by specialized professionals whose main aim is to increase the wealth of the community by promoting a culture of innovation and competitiveness in its associated businesses and knowledge-based organizations. Designed to propel Malaysia into the Innovation-Led Economy, Technology Park Malaysia is to date one of the worlds most advanced and comprehensive centres for research and development of knowledge-based industries. Spanning 750 acres, its first phase comprises 12 state-of-the-art buildings with specific functions. The latest addition to Phase I is the Enterprise 4 building, which is an intelligent building designed to service the physical needs of high-tech companies, enabling them to be service providers to the MSC, the rest of Malaysia and the world. The other phases involve the leasing of Ramp;D Lot to individual companies to establish custom-designed head offices, research facilities, test sites and planned future expansions. TPM Company Management Team is responsible for sourcing the most progressive and innovative tenant companies that can also create synergies within TPM. TPM also engages in other business activities through its four wholly-owned subsidiaries, namely TPM Biotech Sdn Bhd in biotechnology, TPM Engineering Sdn Bhd in engineering, TPM IT Sdn Bhd in Information Technology, and Technology Park Malaysia College Sdn Bhd in education and training. METHODOLOGY: We obtained data by first selecting three topics from which we have covered in our lectures. Then we composed a set of questions to be asked during the interview. During the interview the questions were asked, we jotted down the striking points from the answers given by Mohammad Nazdim Ahmad Ezmi, Executive Marketing and Business Development. In addition, we also recorded the entire interview of which we used to add up other points that we forgot to note during the interview for this report and presentation. On the other hand, we used secondary data from TPM’s handouts, brochures and leaflets. ACADEMIC CONTENT: In this report we are going to deal with the following topics; Business environment, Individual at work and Organization structure. BUSINESS ORGANISATION AND ENVIRONMENT This is the first aspect in consideration and TPM must relate the different Environment with their effects to the Organisation respectively. Environments are divided into two main categories, Controllable and the Non-controllable Environment, and they work in a butterfly effect system which means alteration of any environment can affect the other and so on. EXHIBIT 1. 1: Overview of Environment and their relation to TPM NON-CONTROLLABLE ENVIRONMENT 1. POLITICAL/LEGAL 2. ECONOMY 3. COMPETITORS 4. TECHNOLOGICAL CONTROLLABLE ENVIRONMENT 1. LABOUR 2. RAW MATERIAL 3. EQUIPMENT 4. CAPITAL 5. ENTERPRENEUR CONTRALLABLE ENVIRONMENT This Environment focuses on the attributes that add up to the structure of an organisation. They can be controlled in the sense that the organisation dictates the quantity and how much to be used depending on their available resources and therefore differ from different organisations. Refer to Exhibit 1. 1; the five attributes (controllable environment) as you can see are the major make-up of the organisation and without them, it is dormant to all its operations. * Labour points out the human resources, the actual workers who provide physical or intellectual contribution to the everyday activities within the organisation. This includes the heads of TPM who are president/CEO, vice presidents (corporate services, finance, Business Development and Special Projects) general managers, senior general manager, chief operating officer amp; also the employee subordinates under them. * Raw Material is the physical bits and pieces that are provided by suppliers to manufacture the company’s end products. * Equipment refers to the machinery or devices that play a role into converting the raw materials to finished end products. in the case of TPM which is a service sector orginisation the end product is to produce rental accommodation. Thus things like building are the equipments because they to provide accommodation to their tenants! * Capital is the cash flow or the monetary aid the organisation needs to acquire and achieve its goals, it is the most important because it keeps the other attributes active and functional. * Last but not least, the Entrepreneur who are directly involved in the organisations’ operations. These are Individuals or Groups that take into risk and invest so as to see the Company achieving the posted goals. Adding on to the listed, each attribute is vital for the company existence but they must be balanced and considered equally in order to prevail in the market competition. TPM recognizes this and take hide to see each attribute contributes accordingly. NON- CONTROLLABLE ENVIRONMENT Non- controllable environment is composed of the political, economical, competitors and technological environment. 1) POLITICAL/LEGAL ENVIRONMENT This is the most prominent environment of TPM. It’s the direct impact of the government’s attitude towards the business environment. The government shapes many determinants of a business’s political environment through its policies on the economy, competition, regional development, devaluation and employment. TPM is operating under the government’s attitude towards the economy and competition. Its policy focuses on Engineering, Biotechnology and Information, communication and technology (ICT). Due to this all facilities rendered by TPM are based on the above mentioned fields and not otherwise. The government of Malaysia plays the following roles towards TPM, since it practices mixed economy it acts as an entrepreneur, a planner and a promoter. ) Entrepreneur The government may provide services through its own department or through its agencies. In TPM the government through MOSTI (Ministry of Science, technology and innovation) offers tenancy services. These include land parcel, enterprise, incubator and innovation areas. Land parcel involves the development of customized building for large or fully commercialized technology companies such as ASTRO, TELEKOM and APIIT. Enterprise is for medium seized or Ramp;D divisions or wings of large local and multinational companies such as MAYBANK, LOTUS and STANDARD CHARTTERED BANK. Incubator is for individuals and companies expanding from the prototype pre-production stage through to market testing and production. Innovation, here individual entrepreneurs, scientists, software, writers, innovators and start-up entities at pre-production stage get areas to perform their work. b) Planner It involves the government’s expectations within a certain period of time. These include the government policy on energy, transport, communication and many others as its long term plans. It controls the overall level and direction of the country’s economic activities. As a result, TPM is one of the fruits of the government’s focus on Engineering, Biotechnology and ICT. TPM is also having TPM College whose work is to provide education in technologies to nurture the next generation of workers. In the long run, this will help to meet the expectations of the government by providing TPM and other offices with technological experts. c) Promoter The government plays the role of making new opportunities and promoting businesses found in her territory. TPM’s Centre for technology commercialization (CTC) is to galvanise the needs of the country’s stake holders in harnessing technology for wealth creation. Universities, research institutes, venture financiers, technopreneurs and government regulators will come together at CTC to make technology a reality. Promotion is done by CTC through hosting forums on the latest technology development, showcasing the latest technology- driven businesses, organising regional and international seminars on technology commercialisation, facilitating business needs of technopreneurs and through the production of â€Å"SYMBIOSIS† magazine for science, technology, innovation and business for the knowledge community. 2) ECONOMICAL ENVIRONMENT This includes the macro economy of the country and the industrial sector environment of TPM. Macroeconomics shows how all the different elements in the business environment interact. The trade cycle is among the elements, it follows a pattern of recovery, boom, recession and slump. Since December 2007, the world has being experiencing a great financial crisis (Recession). Due to this TPM’s tenants who are greatly hit by the crisis, tend to cut down spending by shutting down offices (wings) such as those situated at TPM. In doing so TPM is left with fewer clients. Ultimately, TPM earns lower han they used to before the financial crisis (Recession). 3) COMPETITORS TPM is not having competitors in its industry. However, there are companies given the same mandate by the government to carry out MSC Malaysia’s 1996 vision of spearheading the nation towards the becoming a technology rich and knowledge based economy. Other organisations include; Cyber jaya Flagship zone, Kuala Lumpur city centre (KLCC), UPM- MTDC Technology Centre, Penang Cybercity1 (PCC1),Kulim Hi-tech Park, KL Sentral, Menara MSC Cyber spot, Meru raya and Melaka International trade centre (MITC). The following is what TPM does to overcome and emerge as the best organisation among the other organisation under MSC Malaysia’s industry; * TPM ensures that it offers the best Ramp;D facilities. Example, it has laboratories for Physics and Chemistry for rental, something which firms like Cyber jaya does not possess. * They try to offer competitive rental prices, by making sure that the rent that they offer is a bit cheaper than other firms, such as that of KLCC and UPM- MTDC technology centre and the rest. In terms of services, TPM makes sure that it delivers hers (services) quickly. For instance, responding quickly to maintenance services such as bulb replacement. * To offer infrastructures which are up to date, lake making sure that each of their offices has internet, fully equipped with a power backing system (UPS) and reliable security systems. 4) TECHNOLOGICAL ENVIRONMENT Technological change has been one of the important reasons of the current environmental turbulence i n the business environment. TPM’s in 1996 establishment was based on the changing nature of the technology. Moreover, changes in technology can affect one or all functional areas in some way and links in the supply chain of an organization. Such changes prompt TPM to change its functional areas by making sure that they provide proper an up to date gadgets such as UPS in their offices. But again, when TPM was established it only focused in supplying facilities that dealt with Engineering and ICT. Due to the change in technology, TPM added Biotechnology facilities in its supply chain. INDIVIDUAL AT WORK There are three that govern at the perception of other in on individual at work. These are basing on a physical person, ones range of abilities and ones personality. At TPM when applies for a job he/she firstly perceived in terms ones range of intellectual ability. Due to this when one applies for a job they assess his/her academic qualification and experience. Secondly, they check at ones social abilities such as being e-subjective or interaction ability. One can have good academic qualification and fail to deliver the second criteria, TPM might not approval for their application. However the physical person such as ones gender is also considered in some fields of TPM’s work. For instance, when they want to offer a post for a secretary, women are the expected candidates for the job. The same applies to works offered in the engineering laboratories where much strength is required, TPM prefer to employ men in the field. MOTIVATION Is the term used to describe those processes instinctive and rational, by which people seek to satisfy the basic drives, perceived needs and personal goals which trigger human behaviour. TPM uses the following ways to motivate her workers; * KPI (key performance indicator), here objectives are listed down before the New Year. Thus each employee knows the goals of TPM for the coming year. * Employees to attend courses to improve their skills and knowledge. This mostly involves attending short courses to boost up their performance and make them up to date, since TPM deals with technology. * Giving employees promotions. TPM has a tendency of promoting employees who has at least worked for them for more than 2 or three years. * Allocating more responsibilities to employees. Example, an employee who is used to data entry only can be assigned to organize meetings and keep on his/her data entry task. SPECIALIZATION TPM has a specialized differentiation of functional tasks through each department into which the problems and tasks facing a concern as a whole are broken down thus giving room for individuals to specialize in a specific field. For instance TPM Engineering department has specialized individuals in each field they have split its tasks/jobs into, which are: * Robotics amp; PLC Training * CAD/CAM amp; CNC Training * Industrial Robots * CNC Machining ORGANISATION STRUCTURE TPM has a structured organization with career paths starting from Non-Executives to Executives and Senior Managers. With a diverse range of products and services, a career at TPM comes with opportunities to enrich ones self with knowledge on the many aspects of business, IT and operations. There are many aspects of the organization structure. TPM is based on a flat structure with less bureaucracy where it has short lines of authority (short chain of command) clarifying who reports to whom. There not many people who have legitimate power to discharge responsibilities. For instance when TPM holds their monthly bases meetings, the president/CEO is the one who gives out tasks to each department depending on what the government implements. TPM’s high ranking management is the only one that makes crucial decisions concerning TPM for instance the president/CEO approves any new proposal from his subordinates such has employment of new staff or a raise to employee’s salaries. But for small decisions such as fixing a broken light bulb or painting a building, there pushed down to low ranking individuals. The degree to which decisions are made in TPM’s high ranking management is small thus it’s decentralized. It can be deduced that TPM is an organic model due to the fact that it’s flat structured and comprises of individuals at a low rank as well as high rank making decisions. TPM has categorized together jobs/functions into seven departments each having a High ranking individual (manager) who has a number of subordinates to direct. The nine manageable units/departments with their heads are: * Corporate services unit which is primarily responsible for the provision of internal services that support the work of management and staff. Zakaria Mohammed Vice President * Finance Unit which is setting an effective and efficient system of financial and accounting management of all business activities which TPM runs. Sharbani Harun Vice President * Business development amp; Special Projects Ahmad Husni Johari Vice President * Centre for Technology Commercialisation which is responsible for Technology Commercialisation, Incubators amp; Entrepreneurs and also giving out Advise amp; Consultancy. Dr. Mustaza Ahmadun Senior General Manager * Park Management amp; Services unit which is held responsible for taking care of TPM Park as well as services supplied through TPM to its tenants and the park itself. Shahazman Abu Samah General Manager TPM College Sdn Bhd which manages TPM college subsidiaryShaliza Sabtu Chief Operating Officer * TPM Engineering Sdn Bhd unit which manages engineering related projects and produce innovative engineering solutions. Mohamad Zaihirain Mohamed Rasin Acting Head * TPM IT SDN BHD which manages the operations and Maintenance of Technology Park Malaysia’s ICT infrastructure. Zakaria Mohammed Head / Director * TPM BIOTECH SDN BHD which manages Biotechnology Division o f Technology Park Malaysia. It also includes logistic management, development of production facilities, GMP, GSP compliance and plant risk management. Dato’ Haji Mohd Azman Shahidin Determinant of structure: The Main determinant of TPM’S structure is the government. Technically orders/policies are passed down from the government to the ministry of science, technology and innovation (MOSTI) depending on where the country is heading towards. MOSTI then passes the policies toTPM and it’s implemented by TPM. for instance the government wants to industrialise Malaysia. The government will role out the policy to MOSTI and MOSTI will inform TPM to attract more engineering companies. The ministry of science, technology and innovation (MOSTI) installed the following Subsidiaries in TPM according to the government’s policy which is mainly focusing on where the country is heading to. * TPM Engineering Sdn. Bhd. (Prime Minister Dr Malhi wanted to industrialise Malaysia hence this was born) * TPM IT Sdn. Bhd. * TPM Biotech Sdn. Bhd. (this was born due to the Prime Minister Balha who focused on Bio-tech) * TPM College Sdn. Bhd. Complexity of the services TPM produces is also a determinant of this structure. The degree of heterogeneity is high, because of it being a services based organisation with broaden services from land rental to infrastructure rental each having additional entities such as furniture, aircon,elevators high tech security systems, gardens etc. Not forgetting its responsible for supplying quality education at TPM college, providing excellent internet connection throughout TPM etc. TPM’s income capacity is mainly on rental accommodation, and by this structure it will be able to support its growth even in the long-run for it has shown good benefits so far which improves TPM’s resources for income! CONCLUSION: To wind-up, we reported our findings at TPM, pinpointed the Political environment to be the most important environment and its implications in the future for TPM. However, the Technological environment is also one of TPM’s pushing factors. TPM is one of the best accommodation suppliers especially for organisations seeking technical infrastructure and good services. REFRENCE: * Butel, J. etal (1998), Business Functions, Blackwell publishing USA * Jankowizcz, A. D (1997), Business Research Projects third edition, Chapman amp; Hall Place North Yorkshire * MSC Malaysia (2008), Facts amp; Figures third edition, MSC Malasyia Cyber cities Department. Malaysia * Technology Park Malaysia (2008), All about TPM [online]. Available:  http://www.tpm.com.my/index.php? option=com_contentamp;task=viewamp;id=12amp;Itemid=35

Hamlet as Mysogynist essays

Hamlet as Mysogynist essays During the period of Hamlets life recorded in the play leading up to his death, he appears to have an abundance of relatively serious issues with the vital women in his life. Although Hamlet during this period has discrepancies with just about everyone associated in his life, men or women alike. There are only two female roles in the play Hamlet, this makes interpreting whether Hamlet is a Misogynist or not somewhat difficult. The primary female role is Hamlets mother who Hamlet usually is very close with but in recent times has developed anger towards over the lack of mourning portrayed by her over the death of her husband and Hamlets father. Ophelia is the other female role she is a young girl whose family is acquainted Hamlets royal family. In the past there was a sort of attraction between the two, but as that has now faded Hamlet has grown frustrated and angered with her and no longer holds remotely the same feeling towards her as he once did. Therefore through these dispo sitions Hamlet apparently has developed a disrespectful attitude towards these two women, which could be viewed by some as being characteristic of someone who is a misogynist. Whether this is true or not is up to the interpretation of the reader, it could be that Hamlets consistent betrayal by the women in his life has added to the growing hatred of women through Hamlets eyes, or that it just so happens the only two representations of women in this play happen to not be on good terms with Hamlet and he really has no distinctive hatred of women kind in general. Throughout the beginning of the book it is apparently obvious to some that Hamlets relationship with his mother is a little more than a proper mother-son relationship, needless to say they are and have been very close. After the recent actions of his mother marrying his uncle only two months after his fathers death and Ha ...

When to Use the Latin Abbreviations i.e. and e.g.

When to Use the Latin Abbreviations i.e. and e.g. The Latin abbreviations i.e. and e.g. are often confused. When used incorrectly, they achieve the exact opposite of the writers intention, which is to appear learned by using a Latin phrase in place of an English one that means more or less the same thing. Knowing the meanings of e.g. and i.e.- and how to use them correctly- will save you from making foolish errors and make your writing more sophisticated. What Does E.g. Mean? E.g. is short for the Latin exempli gratia, meaning for the sake of example or for example. E.g. is used in places where you might write including, followed by a list of one or more examples. However, e.g. should not be used to introduce an exhaustive list. At the places where I work best, e.g., Starbucks, I have none of the distractions I have at home. [There are lots of coffee shops I like, but Starbucks is an example thats known to most people.] Some of the things he likes to do in his spare time, e.g., racing cars, are dangerous. [Racing cars is dangerous, but it is not this mans only dangerous hobby.] The abbreviation e.g. can be used with more than one example. However, avoid piling on multiple examples and adding etc. at the end. I like coffee shops, e.g., Starbucks and Seattles Best, for getting work done. [Do not write coffee shops, e.g., Starbucks and Seattles Best, etc.] The children of Leda, e.g., Castor and Pollux, were born in pairs. [Leda gave birth to multiple pairs of children, so Castor and Pollux are one example, as would be Helen and Clytemnestra. If Leda had only given birth to one pair of children, e.g. would be used incorrectly here.] What Does I.e. Mean? I.e. is short for the Latin id est, which means that is to say. I.e. takes the place of the English phrases in other words or that is. As opposed to e.g., i.e. is used to specify, describe, or explain something that has already been referred to in the sentence. Im going to the place where I work best, i.e., the coffee shop. [There is only one place that I am claiming is best for my work. By using i.e.,  I am telling you that I am about to specify it.] The most beautiful human in Greek mythology, i.e., Ledas daughter Helen, may have had a unibrow, according to a 2009 book. [Helen, whose beauty launched the Trojan War, is considered the most beautiful woman in Greek mythology. There is no other contender, so we must use i.e.] He wants to take some time off and go to the most relaxing place in the world, i.e., Hawaii. [The man does not want to visit just any relaxing place. He wants to visit the most relaxing place in the world, of which there can only be one.] When to Use E.g. and I.e. While they are both Latin phrases, e.g. and i.e. have very different meanings, and you dont want to confuse them. E.g., meaning for example, is used to introduce one or more possibilities or examples. I.e., meaning that is to say, is used to specify or explain by giving more detailed information. A way to remember the difference is that e.g. opens the door to more possibilities, while i.e. reduces the possibilities to one. I want to do something fun tonight, e.g., go for a walk, watch a movie, play a board game, read a book.I want to do something fun tonight, i.e., watch that movie Ive been waiting to see. In the first sentence, something fun could be any number of activities, so e.g. is used to introduce a few of them. In the second sentence, something fun is one specific activity- watching that movie Ive been waiting to see- so i.e. is used to specify that. Formatting The abbreviations i.e. and e.g. are common enough that they do not require italicization (though the full Latin phrases, if they are written out, should be italicized). Both abbreviations take periods and are followed by a comma in American English. European sources may not use the periods or the comma. It is rare to see i.e. or e.g. at the start of a sentence. If you choose to use one of them there, you must also capitalize the initial letter of the abbreviation. Grammarians will argue over this kind of minutiae all day, so deploy these abbreviations at the head of a sentence only if you must.

Market Analysis Research Paper Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1250 words

Market Analysis - Research Paper Example Minus any extra licenses, Galveston may trade beer and wine, irrespective of the source, to customers for consumption at a legitimate public eating zone. It usually takes place on the producer’s licensed premises or at a real eating zone adjoining to the company’s licensed merchandise. Wine differs from the types of grapes used and the seasoning done during the processing. The flavor habitually comes from the nature of the container used in the wine manufacture process, typically oak material. According to Geraci (451), there are three core categorizations of wine, counting the red, white and blush wine types. Categorically, white wines are manufactured from bright-colored grapes and are commonly lighter in flavor than red and blush wines respectively. On the other hand, red wines are characteristically formed from darker grapes, and their stalks are mixed together in the crushing process. Wine drinking and familiarity wine as considered as part of the wealthy and learned civilization is a reality. Despite its alcoholic aspect, wine producers recurrently try to promote wine as part of everyday dining through advertisements (Geraci 460). The underlying reason would be to make it enjoyable for individuals who can manage to pay for the better-quality things in life.  The last step in wine production involves getting the product conveyed to the customer through a given means of transport. In case the distribution channels face ignorance, there can be a substantial impact on a wine corporation. Competence, product value, the cost of the process and on the view it holds in the minds of suppliers and customers would be real impacts felt than imagined. Several distributions from the wineries have stopped private, leased, or rented trucking corporations. According to Department of Alcoholic Beverage Control (1), youngsters are tolerable to partake of the

Video Reaction paper 3 Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 750 words

Video Reaction paper 3 - Essay Example It made me think about how far behind our society is in terms of true acceptance and inclusiveness of the people who are born as one gender but have the ability to perform the duties and responsibilities of both genders. Provided they are given the freedom to choose who they truly know their selves to be. The death of Fred Martinez left me with a feeling of shame as I viewed the documentary. While Fred was somebody who was admired in his native American tribe for the uniqueness of his spirit, he was condemned by our society for being gay. But in reality, was his sexual orientation or gender identity really something to kill a person about? The violence that he experienced through bullying is something that our society would never stand for if it were done to a White Man. No, if Fred Martinez had been white, he would have been protected by our bullying laws. He would have had access to a restraining order. He would have been able to stand up for himself because our society protects by law and respects the White gays and lesbians. Instead Martinez was killed because our society refused to understand the uniqueness of his person and lacked respect for Fred's own Native American traditions. The puzzlement for me while watching the documentary was how our own LGBT community can fight for and most the time, gain the rights and respect that they demand for their gender identities but when the native Americans, the original settlers in this country show that they too deserve to be accorded the same respect, they are not only denied the opportunity to live under the same cloak of protection as their U.S, counterparts, but are murdered because of it. We are often told to keep an open mind and broaden our thinking and understanding of the LGBT sector of society. But when push comes to shove, we always seem to fall short of this commitment to understand those who are different from us in terms of national heritage. However, as Fred showed those around him, native Americans have always been more than accepting, loving, caring, and respectful of those who are like Fred. As long as we refuse to accept and respect the culture of those whom we consider to have a different society from us, we will never live in a truly equal world. Fred's death serves to remind us of that disrespect. While our own LGBT community continues to struggle and win their right to fair treatment, our native American brothers and sisters who are also a member of the LGBT sector of society have been shown to live a life full of fear and uncertainty because the rules of the White Man does not apply to them and their cause. It saddens me to learn that we have a long way to go, centuries after Columbus â€Å"discovered† America and massacring the original settlers, long after we segregated them to tribal camps in the outskirts, that we as a society, have still failed to offer them the chance to be assimilated into our society based upon equality and fair treatment regardless of sexual preference or orientation. As a society, we are centuries behind our Native American counterparts who learned early on the value of the uniqueness in a person. We have a lot to learn from them in terms of the ways and means through which a thorough understanding of the two spirits that exist in the LGBT's can actually help our society evolve into a highly intricate and accepting society.

African Colonialism Essay examples -- essays research papers

World Influence on the Modernization of Africa Developing Political Systems   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  The way countries, nations or states act and base their policies on many times reflect what their past was like. This is very true in the case of Africa. The only problem is that Africa is said to have no history. This just means that Africa’s many cultures did not affect the way imperialists and other influences acted towards the huge continent. Everything was based on their interests and consequently this meant that the way of dealing with Africa in every way was based on Western traditionalists. To this we must answer the question how has the Western World affected Africa’s present stage and what must be done to undo what is wrong and hopefully correct this situation.   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Africa first played a role in Europe’s and the America’s history when the U.S. and Great Britain needed labor. They needed a lot of it and they needed it cheap. There was nothing cheaper than free labor. It would require an initial investment to African “leaders'; but it paid off almost instantaneously. This is what we used to call slave trading. In around the 1860’s this became an illegal act. However, like any other crime, this trading could not be stopped entirely. British Naval ships were set up as blockades but sometimes Slaves were stored in spaces that were no higher than 12 inches so not all slave carrying boats could be stopped. In fact while the Navy stopped approximately 103,000 slaves from entering the slave force about 1.7 million entered it. Since this trade was illegal it was even more profitable than before. The slaves that were stopped from being shipped all the way west were being sent to Freetown, Sierra Leone and Monrovi a, Liberia and they were called recaptives. These were towns set up by the British and some liberal Americans to send former slaves and recaptives back to their home continent. It wasn’t their home but it certainly was a lot closer than before. These recaptives were not welcome with open arms because they had renounced their religions and African names and replaced them with Christianity and English names. They did this because they felt they had been betrayed when they were sold in the first place. There was even more hostility to these recaptives ... ...it like the U.S. It is just to say that this suffering should not last forever. The first step should come from the government. They need to take loans. It doesn’t matter if they are high interest. Money needs to be in the economy. A federal deal such as Franklin D. Roosevelt has to be implemented. Money has to be given to the people, not the elite, so that they can spend the money on goods that are being produced. In time enough money spent will lead to more jobs, which lead to more money, which will start to pay for new technology. Africa does not have to be rich to start involving itself in the world economy it just needs an economy that is working, producing and always moving ahead. Once they land in the international trade business everything becomes a bonus. Africa in all its existence to Europe has relied on others to decide what’s best for them. Africa is now in a Western style mode. This does not mean it should be there but it is now. The government has to start taking advantage of today’s capitalist economy. Money tends to keep people of all nations happier. With money everyone is guaranteed food, a home and a better chance at democracy. African Colonialism Essay examples -- essays research papers World Influence on the Modernization of Africa Developing Political Systems   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  The way countries, nations or states act and base their policies on many times reflect what their past was like. This is very true in the case of Africa. The only problem is that Africa is said to have no history. This just means that Africa’s many cultures did not affect the way imperialists and other influences acted towards the huge continent. Everything was based on their interests and consequently this meant that the way of dealing with Africa in every way was based on Western traditionalists. To this we must answer the question how has the Western World affected Africa’s present stage and what must be done to undo what is wrong and hopefully correct this situation.   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Africa first played a role in Europe’s and the America’s history when the U.S. and Great Britain needed labor. They needed a lot of it and they needed it cheap. There was nothing cheaper than free labor. It would require an initial investment to African “leaders'; but it paid off almost instantaneously. This is what we used to call slave trading. In around the 1860’s this became an illegal act. However, like any other crime, this trading could not be stopped entirely. British Naval ships were set up as blockades but sometimes Slaves were stored in spaces that were no higher than 12 inches so not all slave carrying boats could be stopped. In fact while the Navy stopped approximately 103,000 slaves from entering the slave force about 1.7 million entered it. Since this trade was illegal it was even more profitable than before. The slaves that were stopped from being shipped all the way west were being sent to Freetown, Sierra Leone and Monrovi a, Liberia and they were called recaptives. These were towns set up by the British and some liberal Americans to send former slaves and recaptives back to their home continent. It wasn’t their home but it certainly was a lot closer than before. These recaptives were not welcome with open arms because they had renounced their religions and African names and replaced them with Christianity and English names. They did this because they felt they had been betrayed when they were sold in the first place. There was even more hostility to these recaptives ... ...it like the U.S. It is just to say that this suffering should not last forever. The first step should come from the government. They need to take loans. It doesn’t matter if they are high interest. Money needs to be in the economy. A federal deal such as Franklin D. Roosevelt has to be implemented. Money has to be given to the people, not the elite, so that they can spend the money on goods that are being produced. In time enough money spent will lead to more jobs, which lead to more money, which will start to pay for new technology. Africa does not have to be rich to start involving itself in the world economy it just needs an economy that is working, producing and always moving ahead. Once they land in the international trade business everything becomes a bonus. Africa in all its existence to Europe has relied on others to decide what’s best for them. Africa is now in a Western style mode. This does not mean it should be there but it is now. The government has to start taking advantage of today’s capitalist economy. Money tends to keep people of all nations happier. With money everyone is guaranteed food, a home and a better chance at democracy.

Inclusive Growth of India: a Study of the Informal Sector in India Essay

India’s post 1990’s economic growth has made it one of the world’s fastest growing economies in the world. Its GDP growth rates of about 9% in the last few years are historically unparalleled except by the neighbo ring China. With the rapid growth rates, however, come new challenges and new questions. One such challenging question concerns the spread of the benefits of growth across different segments of society. To ensure that growth has been well distributed, India’s Planning Commission has made Inclusive Growth their explicit goal in the eleventh five-year plan. The concept of Inclusive Growth has dominated discussions across India. Its popularity has sparked intense discussions among politicians, economists, policymakers and the general public. In addition, Inclusive Growth has been the focus of studies by bilateral and multilateral aid agencies such as the UN, World Bank, Asian Development Bank, Foundations such as the ICICI Foundation, NGOs, and Civil Society Organizations alike. However, Inclusive Growth should not be confused with Poverty Reduction Strategy Papers (PRSP). Despite all the attention that Inclusive Growth has received in the last few years, there lacks a precise and agreed upon definition of the te rm. Overall, the literature is divided between two concepts; whether the benefits reach the poor and whether the benefits reach the poor proportionately more than it reaches the non-poor. By the first definition, India may have performed quite remarkably i n the last two decades, although the magnitude is hotly debated. By the second definition, India’s performance against inclusive growth seems more lackluster. Gini coefficient indicates that income inequality in India has increased from 0. 209 in 1980-81 to about 0. 257 in 2005-06 both at an overall level as well in almost all f the states both for urban and rural areas . There are evidences suggesting that growth in the lower income states is relatively lesser than the growth in high income states. Not only this, but studies have shown that the rising disparity is also present at an intra-state level too. To address these challenges going forward, evidence suggests that there are a number of macro and micro level interventions that are poverty reducing and th us conducive to Inclusive Growth. At macro level, there is little doubt about the usefulness of the augmented Washington Consensus (Rodrik, 2006). At micro level, evidence suggests that improving the following factors will help accelerate poverty reduction : reduction of inequality, not limited to income inequality, access to public infrastructure and services especially health and education, access to markets, accountability and voice, good governance, and the role of civil society organizations, women empowerment. Inclusive growth can also be studied as a clash between the informal as the formal sector. Various literatures are available in the following context by noted economists and policy makers. A firm stand to improve the condition of the economy is subsided in the entrepreneurship sector of the country, which holds huge potential. The Indian economy today boasts of many magnificent opportunities but sadly enough, not many of them are fully utilized. The entrepreneurship front of the country epitomizes such a condition. Liberalization of economy started by the PV Narasimha Rao government in 1991 and the Information Technology boom of the mid and late 90? s have ushered in tremendous changes and set the stage for a wave of entrepreneurship taking India by storm. The capacity of Indians for entrepreneurship is substantial. However, the society and government have not been very encouraging towards entrepreneurship in India. The rankings of India have also been deteriorating in the recent years. From a rank of 2 in the field of Total Entrepreneurship Activity (TEA) according to the Global Entrepreneurship Monitoring Reports, India’s position has been slipping ever since and has reached a level rather close to the world average. In spite of the shortcomings, it ranked ninth in the survey of entrepreneurial countries by Global Entrepreneurship Monitor (GEM). India ranks the highest among a group of countries in n ecessitybased entrepreneurship, which is associated with developing countries. Conversely, it ranks fifth from the bottom in opportunity -based entrepreneurship. Indians have entrepreneurial capacity. However the society and government are not very encoura ging towards entrepreneurship. To a large extent, the Indian society is risk averse. People usually seek secure and long -term employment, such as government jobs. The physical infrastructure needs to be improved. Social Attitudes, lack of capital, inadequa te physical infrastructure and lack of government upport are major factors of hindrance. While the growth trends of India and China are similar, both had initiated different policies in their approaches. While China was mostly growing on FDIs, India was b uilding a rather self-sustaining model for growth as it concentrated on the institutions that supported private enterprise by building a stronger infrastructure for its development. The Government has encouraged entrepreneurship by providing training and also the facilities to succeed, particularly in the rural areas. One style of innovation that really works in a country as large and diverse as India, is grassroots innovation: this includes inventions for a milieu that is quintessentially Indian. The middle-class Indian has been growing rapidly in context to the global economy. In an era of globalization, a middle class of 250million and rising can be considered a â€Å"veritable gold mine†. The G7 economies account for almost 67% of the global GDP at a market exchange rate and this has been the scenario since 1965. Underpinning the performance of the G7, and indeed driving the global economy, is a large middle class. The midd le class is an ambiguous social classification, broadly reflecting the ability to lead a comfortable life. The middle class has played a special role in economic thought for centuries. It emerged out of the bourgeoisie in the late fourteenth century, a group that while derided by some for their economic materialism provided the impetus for an expansion of a capitalist market economy and trade between nation states. Ever since, the middle class has been thought of as the source of entrepreneurship and innovation—the small businesses that make a modern economy thrive. Middle class values also emphasize education, hard work and thrift. Thus, the middle class is the source of all the needed inputs for growth in a neoclassical economy — new ideas, physical capital accumulation and human capital accumulation. The role of Asia, who accounts for just les s than 1/4th of the middle class population of the world, could boast of doubled figures of the same by 2020, accounting for around 40% of the global middle class GDP. With the exception of Japan and Oceania, Asia’s rapid growth has not been driven by a la rge domestic middle class. The expansion of factors of production driving potential output has happened without a significant middle class. Saving and education have been willingly undertaken even by poor households, in the face of large returns to such ac tivities in a globalized world, as well as by governments. Technology has been imported from abroad by corporations through FDI, imported machinery and participation in global supply chains. Thus with the American consumers retreating back after facing fears of a double dip recession now, it suits well for the emerging Asian economies like China and India to step up and fill the consumption voids. Within Asia there is significant talk of rebalancing towards domestic demand (more specifically domestic consumption) as a way of sustaining growth in the face of potentially sluggish exports. But the policy prescriptions to achieve such a rebalancing are not easy. They involve creation of a social safety net, medical insurance schemes, and better public education services. In short, Asian consumption is tied in the minds of many analysts to long -term institutional changes. Given the difficulties of implementing such changes, it is hard to be very confident that this rebalancing will happen in the medium term. The lack of inclusivity is again clearly shown in the Indian scenario. The middle class consumption levels are far below the average global levels. There exist such disparities on the expenditure side due to the fact that the middle class is largely inactive in this process. Moving back to the production side of the economy, the retail industry in India has been showing tremendous potential amidst the bullish growth trends of the economy as a whole. To prove this point, we see that the penetration of the organized retail sector in the US is about 85% while that in India is just about 8% (Velagapudi, 2011). The retail industry can be divided into registered as well as unregistered sectors. The unregistered sector, which usually includes all the small grocery shops, street vendors etc, accounts for over 93% labor force. Although as seen earlier, the value added to the SDP and consequently the GDP isn’t even comparable to that by the organized sector. The initial target is to bring the contribution of the organized sector to 9-10%. Retail industry is also the 2 nd largest employment provider in India after agriculture. The penetration of organized retail will happen much faster in the coming decade, even in tier and tier 3 cities, because of the changing demographic s of our population and a healthy rate of economic growth. With good underlying economic growth, increase in disposable income, increased awareness due to penetration of broadband and mobile devices with internet accessibility, the demand for consumer goods will rise. With better systems and processes in place, all this is bound to assist in increasing the penetration of the organized retail sector in India. The organized retail market in India is expected to grow to 14-18% by 2015 of the total retail market in India from 8% in 2008. Its value is estimated to be around US$450 billion by 2015 (Mckinsey Reports). The BMI India Retail Report for the first quarter of 2011 forecasts that the total retail sales will grow to US$ 674. 37 billion by 2014, from US$ 392. 63 billion in 2011. The growing wealth with the middle-class in India, the population size and the big percentage of population being in 30s, makes immense possibilities for entrepreneurial growth in the retail sector. Some of the fastest growing segments of this industry are food & beverages, electronics and apparels. The consumer electronics segment is expected to grow at about 55% between 2011-2014, with most of the growth driven by demand for TVs, mobile devices and laptops and desktops. With changing lifestyles and habits, food segment is also expected to double to US$ 150 billion by 2025. Inclusive Growth: A Review of Literature This section is a review section of the disproportionality between the registered and the unregistered manufacturing secto rs. The causes that have been suggested by various authors through their studies have been put forward with an aim to assemble and study the registered as well as the unregistered sector thoroughly. The section starts off with the causes of differentiatio n between the registered as well as the unregistered sector and their differences in productivity , followed by how a thrust can propel the unregistered sector into the registered sector. This is followed by literature about the employment scenario in India for both the sectors and how there exists a large disproportionality. Finally the section ends with a study of the registered manufacturing sector and a study on the role of infrastructure in the economic developments. The growing divergence between the i nformal and the formal sectors, especially in the manufacturing sector can be seen as one of the major causes for lack of inclusive growth in the country. The paper by Goldar, Mitra and Kumari shows us useful evidences regarding the same. The paper claims that the economic reforms of 1991 had a negative impact on the informal sector since import restrictions had been removed and the informal manufacturing sector started facing even more stringent competition from producers whose products were of a better qu ality. It shows evidences that the value added by the informal nonagricultural sector kept on falling even though the employment rate increased from 76% in 1983 to 83% in 1999-2000, thus exhibiting a downward trend in productivity. Empirical data study suggests that the growth of employment in the informal manufacturing sector has always been higher than the employment growth rate of the total manufacturing sector (3. 3% over 3. 1% in 1961-87) which includes the period of â€Å"Jobless Growth† in the 1980s where the employment rate of the organized manufacturing sector was -0. %per anum. But when it comes to value added, the informal sector lags behind, which is the chief cause of serious concern of the Indian economy. Data trends show us that post liberalization, the value added by the informal manufacturing sector fell from 6. 1% (1980 -90) to 4. 89%(1990-2005). In this context, a paper by Sreepriya S. lays emphasis on the development of the informal sector and how government policy measures should be taken to increa se the productivity of the sector. The paper points out that in an economy which is labor abundant and is developing, the significance of the small -scale sector which is less capital intensive and generates employment for over 86% of the workforce of the country is of utmost importance. The informal sector constitutes a major component of the small sector industries in the manufacturing sector. The problem lies in the fact that 86% of the workforce only adds on 25% value to the economy, 20. 5% of the fixed capital and 16. 9% of the total output produced. A particular significant result in this context can be seen in the agricultural sector. A study by the NSSO shows us that even in 2009-10 around 67% of the rural population as well as 6. 7% of the urban populat ion is dependent on the agricultural sector even though it contributes to only 14% of the GDP. This further enhances the stand on the widening disparity amongst the distribution of income amongst the population. In a paper by Maiti & Mitra ( January 2011), the proposition is put forward that since the informal sector only caters to the local and regional demands and with ubstantial exposure to education and technical skills, the producers in the informal sector will be elevated to the formal level. With this perspective, the paper looks into the supply push component of the informal sector across Indian states. But a paper by Chowdhury (EPW August 2011) on the employment structure of India suggests that that there has been a decline in the labor force participation rate (LFPR) for both rural and urban women in the NSSO surveys of 2004-05. This, he concluded, was due to the increased interest in attaining education for the women were the cause of the fall in LFPR. Similar is the explanation for the slow gro wth in LFPR for women through 2004-05 and 200910. But this explanation does not adequately explain the employment scenario of the country. This is because the gap created by the fall in employment of the age group 15-24 due to the desire of attainment of education should have been filled up by the other age divisions. This brings forth the point that in order to attain inclusive growth the employment structure needs to be structured on stronger grounds so as to accommodate the growth as well as the metamor phosis of the informal sector. Another interesting paper by Rana Hasan shows how the Indian employment scenario is condensed in either small or large enterprises where the medium enterprises lose out completely. He suggests that the formal sector with la rge enterprises offers better perks and incentives but the layoff risks are much higher resulting in lesser job security. While in the case of the unregistered sector, it accounts for most of the total manufacturing employment. This contradiction, he explained, is due to the labor regulations which are in place within the country. A strong urge here is made to liberalize the labor market finally. Hasan used empirical and statistical data to show that 85% of the workforce of India is working in firms with a total workforce of less than 50. This suggests a strong implication that large enterprises are more productive and pay more to their workforce (as per statistics). Thus the dominance of the work force in smaller informal sectors suggests that most of the workforce has to settle for a low wages as per comparisons. Rana uses the concept of economies of scale to explain the problem of the â€Å"missing middle†. He shows as to how the highly productive large sectors are usually more capital intensive, maintaining a very low labor to capital ratio while the other traditional industries like textiles is more labor intensive. Hence since the textile industry employment rate is 12times more than that of the automobile industry; it has a significant claim on the total emp loyment structure of the economy. As our economy is more dominated by industries like the textile industry rather than capital intensive automobile industry, we can see why the middle economy is still undeveloped. A study by Das &Kalita shows empirical evidences regarding the context of inclusivity of growth in the registered sector. The paper addresses the issue of declining labor intensity in India’s organized manufacturing in order to understand the constraints on employment generation in the labor intensive sectors. Using primary survey data covering 252 labor intensive manufacturingexporting firms across five sectors—apparel, leather, gems and jewelry, sports goods, and bicycles for 2005-06, they attempted to find out the factors which constrain employment generation in labor intensive firms. Their study shows several constraints in the path of employment generation in labo r intensive sectors—non-availability of trained skilled workers, infrastructure bottlenecks, low levels of investment, labor rules and regulations, and a noncompetitive export orientation. They also shed light on the decade of â€Å"jobless growth† where the economy was witnessing an increase in output and value added in the manufacturing sector but there was no increase in the employment scenario of the sector. As per statistics, only 484,000 jobs were created in the registered factory sector between 1980-90. There are many a reasons cited amongst which it can be considered that maybe the difficulty in labor retrenchment post the job security regulations in 1970 which forced employers to shift to a more capital intensive mode of production. They also cited another reason as the capital deepening technique adopted by firms which increased the real cost of labor in the 1980s. Their study also points out towards the inefficiency of the economic reforms in migrating the majority of the workforce from the unregistered sector to the registered sector. A mere 13% employment generation of the registered manufacturing sector after a decade of liberalization highlights the inefficiencies. This was not however the case throughout the decade. As per Nagraj, the initial years of the reforms showed us a growth in the employment of the registered sector but this boom soon turned bust as the momentum could not be sustained in the latter half of the decade. As per statistics, around 1. 1 million people of around 15% of the workforce of the registered sector lost their jobs during 1995 2000. The problem of inclusive growth is again witnessed as we face a quest ion as to why the labor intensive section of the organized sector failed to generate employment potential despite good performances by some of these sectors individually.

The Necklace Review

Guy de Maupassant  manages to bring a flavor to his stories that are unforgettable. He  writes about ordinary people, but he paints their lives in colors that are rich with  adultery, marriage, prostitution, murder, and war. During his lifetime, he created nearly 300 stories, along with the other 200 newspaper articles, 6 novels, and 3 travel books that he wrote. Whether you love his work, or you hate it, Maupassants work seems to illicit a strong response. Overview The Necklace (or La Parure), one of his most famous works, centers around Mme. Mathilde Loisel — a woman seemingly fated to her status in life. She was one of those pretty and charming girls who are sometimes as if by a mistake of destiny, born in a family of clerks. Instead of accepting her position in life, she feels cheated. She is selfish and self-involved, tortured and angry that she cant purchase the jewels and clothing that she desires. Maupassant writes, She suffered ceaselessly, feeling herself born for all the delicacies and all the luxuries. The tale, in some ways, amounts to a moralistic fable, reminding us to avoid Mme. Loisels fatal mistakes. Even the length of the work reminds us of an Aesop Fable. As in many of these tales, our heroines​​ one really serious character flaw is pride (that all-destroying hubris). She wants to be someone and something that she is not. But for that fatal flaw, the story could have been a Cinderella story, where the poor heroine is in some way discovered, rescued and given her rightful place in society. Instead, Mathilde was prideful. Wishing to appear wealthy to the other women at the ball, she borrowed a diamond necklace from a wealthy friend, Mme. Forestier. She had a wonderful time at the ball: She was prettier than them all, elegant, gracious, smiling, and crazy with joy. Pride cometh before the fall... we quickly see her as she descends into poverty. Then, we see her ten years later: She had become the woman of impoverished households-strong and hard and rough. With frowzy hair, skirts askew, and red hands, she talked loud while washing the floor with great swishes of water. Even after going through so many hardships, in her heroic way, she cant help but imagine the What ifs... What Is the Ending Worth? The ending becomes all the more poignant when we discover that all of the sacrifices were for nothing, as Mme. Forestier takes our heroines hands and says, Oh, my poor Mathilde! Why, my necklace was paste. It was worth at most five hundred francs! In The Craft of Fiction, Percy Lubbock says that the story seems to tell itself. He says that the effect that Maupassant doesnt appear to be there in the story at all. He is behind us, out of sight, out of mind; the story occupies us, the moving scene, and nothing else (113). In The Necklace, we are carried along with the scenes. Its hard to believe we are at the end, when the final line is read and the world of that story comes crashing down around us. Can there be a more tragic way of living, than surviving all those years on a lie?